Virginia | Local Government vs. Farm Earnings Structure & Performance by County

Earnings by County

Percent of Total Earnings, 2022

Local Government vs. Farm
Virginia Earnings Distribution by County:

Percent of Total Earnings, 2022

	More than 18%	18% to 16%	16% to 14%	14% to 12%	12% to 10%	10% to 8%	8% to 6%	6% or Below	Total
Local Government	10	6	9	14	19	12	6	6	82
Farm	3	0	2	0	0	0	4	73	82

Local Government vs. Farm
Earnings Structure by County:
Virginia, 2022

	Local Government				Farm
County	3Earnings (1000s)	Percent of Total Earnings	1Location Quotient	Percent of State Sector Total	3Earnings (1000s)	Percent of Total Earnings	1Location Quotient	Percent of State Sector Total
Accomack	100,473	8.7	1.1	0.3	83,349	7.2	9.6	7.7
Amelia	23,486	10.0	1.3	0.1	43,474	18.5	24.6	4.0
Amherst	79,227	15.0	1.9	0.3	-2,192	-0.4	U	-0.2
Appomattox	33,063	15.1	1.9	0.1	-4,129	-1.9	U	-0.4
Arlington	1,177,668	3.8	0.5	4.1	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bath	13,689	8.5	1.1	0.0	1,488	0.9	1.2	0.1
Bedford	158,982	11.8	1.5	0.6	-7,747	-0.6	U	-0.7
Bland	12,031	8.2	1.0	0.0	301	0.2	0.3	0.0
Botetourt	80,222	9.4	1.2	0.3	-2,864	-0.3	U	-0.3
Brunswick	35,161	16.4	2.1	0.1	-2,590	-1.2	U	-0.2
Buchanan	54,763	10.9	1.4	0.2	-354	-0.1	U	0.0
Buckingham	31,946	13.4	1.7	0.1	13,496	5.6	7.5	1.2
Caroline	69,592	16.2	2.1	0.2	4,695	1.1	1.5	0.4
Charles City	17,977	12.5	1.6	0.1	4,332	3.0	4.0	0.4
Charlotte	53,047	25.1	3.2	0.2	-850	-0.4	U	-0.1
Chesterfield	981,021	8.0	1.0	3.4	2,689	0.0	0.0	0.2
Clarke	36,577	11.1	1.4	0.1	2,709	0.8	1.1	0.2
Craig	10,660	18.6	2.4	0.0	-1,822	-3.2	U	-0.2
Culpeper	166,312	12.1	1.5	0.6	1,690	0.1	0.2	0.2
Cumberland	22,920	19.5	2.5	0.1	18,521	15.7	20.9	1.7
Dickenson	44,768	18.7	2.4	0.2	-418	-0.2	U	0.0
Essex	27,805	12.6	1.6	0.1	-2,554	-1.2	U	-0.2
Fauquier	235,614	10.3	1.3	0.8	10,281	0.4	0.6	0.9
Floyd	28,890	12.9	1.6	0.1	-3,605	-1.6	U	-0.3
Fluvanna	60,622	13.8	1.8	0.2	-3,059	-0.7	U	-0.3
Franklin	122,701	11.2	1.4	0.4	1,453	0.1	0.2	0.1
Giles	43,458	11.3	1.4	0.2	-1,170	-0.3	U	-0.1
Gloucester	90,945	13.6	1.7	0.3	841	0.1	0.2	0.1
Goochland	65,845	2.2	0.3	0.2	-3,877	-0.1	U	-0.4
Grayson	33,327	18.7	2.4	0.1	-10,304	-5.8	U	-0.9
Greene	51,218	17.7	2.2	0.2	1,602	0.6	0.7	0.1
Halifax	86,469	10.9	1.4	0.3	-3,513	-0.4	U	-0.3
Hanover	311,991	6.4	0.8	1.1	12,711	0.3	0.3	1.2
Henrico	994,589	4.7	0.6	3.4	1,077	0.0	0.0	0.1
Highland	6,800	15.0	1.9	0.0	11,767	25.9	34.5	1.1
Isle of Wight	94,818	11.2	1.4	0.3	7,786	0.9	1.2	0.7
King and Queen	17,360	20.3	2.6	0.1	2,128	2.5	3.3	0.2
King George	74,435	4.2	0.5	0.3	-231	0.0	U	0.0
King William	48,427	15.3	1.9	0.2	47	0.0	0.0	0.0
Lancaster	25,511	7.6	1.0	0.1	488	0.1	0.2	0.0
Lee	51,123	18.5	2.3	0.2	-7,506	-2.7	U	-0.7
Loudoun	1,978,544	9.4	1.2	6.9	8,704	0.0	0.1	0.8
Louisa	96,447	10.7	1.4	0.3	-81	0.0	U	0.0
Lunenburg	26,773	17.2	2.2	0.1	-4,523	-2.9	U	-0.4
Madison	31,011	11.8	1.5	0.1	-3,206	-1.2	U	-0.3
Mathews	19,395	16.0	2.0	0.1	840	0.7	0.9	0.1
Mecklenburg	81,114	11.0	1.4	0.3	-15,555	-2.1	U	-1.4
Middlesex	50,143	21.4	2.7	0.2	1,747	0.7	1.0	0.2
Nelson	36,158	11.7	1.5	0.1	2,853	0.9	1.2	0.3
New Kent	65,464	14.1	1.8	0.2	-3,293	-0.7	U	-0.3
Northampton	52,319	17.8	2.3	0.2	45,477	15.5	20.6	4.2
Northumberland	26,916	12.7	1.6	0.1	4,069	1.9	2.6	0.4
Nottoway	36,202	8.1	1.0	0.1	29,740	6.7	8.9	2.7
Orange	111,910	15.7	2.0	0.4	22,665	3.2	4.2	2.1
Page	58,637	13.0	1.6	0.2	89,149	19.7	26.3	8.2
Patrick	39,965	15.7	2.0	0.1	1,583	0.6	0.8	0.1
Powhatan	69,586	11.0	1.4	0.2	3,560	0.6	0.7	0.3
Prince Edward	54,123	9.3	1.2	0.2	10,373	1.8	2.4	1.0
Pulaski	100,661	9.5	1.2	0.3	33	0.0	0.0	0.0
Rappahannock	18,862	12.2	1.5	0.1	-3,980	-2.6	U	-0.4
Richmond	30,365	15.3	1.9	0.1	4,252	2.1	2.9	0.4
Russell	63,436	14.6	1.8	0.2	-2,053	-0.5	U	-0.2
Scott	66,847	21.8	2.8	0.2	-3,345	-1.1	U	-0.3
Shenandoah	115,397	10.6	1.3	0.4	70,613	6.5	8.6	6.5
Smyth	106,004	13.9	1.8	0.4	-405	-0.1	U	0.0
Stafford	479,710	10.6	1.3	1.7	-3,648	-0.1	U	-0.3
Surry	23,112	8.3	1.1	0.1	2,302	0.8	1.1	0.2
Sussex	30,203	12.7	1.6	0.1	3,896	1.6	2.2	0.4
Tazewell	121,092	13.7	1.7	0.4	4,202	0.5	0.6	0.4
Warren	114,166	11.5	1.5	0.4	-1,773	-0.2	U	-0.2
Westmoreland	47,531	20.3	2.6	0.2	18,735	8.0	10.6	1.7
Wythe	95,634	12.7	1.6	0.3	4,293	0.6	0.8	0.4
Alexandria City	757,798	6.7	0.9	2.6	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Chesapeake City	944,878	11.3	1.4	3.3	7,047	0.1	0.1	0.6
Hampton City	414,339	8.2	1.0	1.4	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Newport News City	640,517	6.6	0.8	2.2	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Norfolk City	796,827	5.1	0.7	2.8	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Portsmouth City	305,433	6.2	0.8	1.1	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Richmond City	846,463	4.8	0.6	2.9	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Roanoke City	341,142	6.4	0.8	1.2	0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Suffolk City	355,257	12.0	1.5	1.2	25,214	0.8	1.1	2.3
Virginia Beach City	1,440,682	8.6	1.1	5.0	-1,609	0.0	U	-0.1

Virginia	28,845,330	7.0	0.9	100.0	1,087,289	0.3	0.4	100.0
Metropolitan	25,928,538	6.7	0.9	89.9	681,339	0.2	0.2	62.7
Nonmetropolitan	2,916,792	11.9	1.5	10.1	405,950	1.7	2.2	37.3
Albemarle County & Charlottesville City	536,825	5.3	0.7	1.9	-1,873	0.0	U	-0.2
Alleghany County & Covington City	67,384	12.9	1.6	0.2	-781	-0.1	U	-0.1
Augusta County, Staunton & Waynesboro Cities	335,124	8.6	1.1	1.2	132,265	3.4	4.5	12.2
Campbell County & Lynchburg City	343,091	6.5	0.8	1.2	-1,367	0.0	U	-0.1
Carroll County & Galax City	95,660	13.9	1.8	0.3	5,173	0.8	1.0	0.5
Dinwiddie County, Colonial Heights & Petersburg Cities	258,028	11.7	1.5	0.9	-3,894	-0.2	U	-0.4
Fairfax County, Fairfax & Falls Church Cities	4,742,991	4.6	0.6	16.4	9,530	0.0	0.0	0.9
Frederick County & Winchester City	415,851	7.8	1.0	1.4	-4,756	-0.1	U	-0.4
Greensville County & Emporia City	53,221	11.0	1.4	0.2	-480	-0.1	U	0.0
Henry County & Martinsville City	187,374	11.7	1.5	0.6	8,096	0.5	0.7	0.7
James & Williamsburg Cities	269,718	8.7	1.1	0.9	-4,574	-0.1	U	-0.4
Montgomery County & Radford City	296,389	7.3	0.9	1.0	4,722	0.1	0.2	0.4
Pittsylvania County & Danville City	297,709	12.2	1.6	1.0	3,797	0.2	0.2	0.3
Prince George County & Hopewell City	204,920	7.6	1.0	0.7	-1,653	-0.1	U	-0.2
Prince William County, Manassas & Manassas Park Cities	1,994,246	12.1	1.5	6.9	-948	0.0	U	-0.1
Roanoke County & Salem City	349,258	7.6	1.0	1.2	-234	0.0	U	0.0
Rockbridge County, Buena Vista & Lexington Cities	92,282	9.9	1.3	0.3	2,167	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rockingham County & Harrisonburg Cities	360,231	6.5	0.8	1.2	431,737	7.8	10.4	39.7
Southampton County & Franklin City	77,996	15.1	1.9	0.3	14,877	2.9	3.8	1.4
Spotsylvania County & Fredericksburg City	537,637	10.9	1.4	1.9	2,569	0.1	0.1	0.2
Washington County & Bristol City	209,181	10.7	1.4	0.7	6,181	0.3	0.4	0.6
Wise County & Norton City	113,292	12.2	1.5	0.4	-785	-0.1	U	-0.1
York County & Poquoson City	240,326	12.4	1.6	0.8	1,504	0.1	0.1	0.1

United States	1,199,218,000	7.9	1.0		114,272,000	0.8	1.0
Metropolitan U.S.	1,045,637,839	7.5	1.0		48,516,775	0.3	0.5
Nonmetropolitan U.S.	153,580,161	11.7	1.5		65,755,225	5.0	6.7

1 Ratio of the share of employment in a given industry locally to the corresponding industry share nationwide.

U (Undefined) Insufficient Data Available.

Source: Calculations by the Virginia Regional Economic Analysis Project (VA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis

November 2023

REAP_PI_CA1600N_620320_500000_SA

Local Government vs. Farm
Earnings Structure by Region:
Virginia, 2022

	Local Government				Farm
Metropolitan Statistical Areas	3Earnings (1000s)	Percent of Total Earnings	1Location Quotient	Percent of State Sector Total	3Earnings (1000s)	Percent of Total Earnings	1Location Quotient	Percent of State Sector Total
Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford	440,508	8.0	1.0	1.5	3,585	0.1	0.1	0.3
Charlottesville	684,823	6.1	0.8	2.4	-477	0.0	U	0.0
Harrisonburg	360,231	6.5	0.8	1.2	431,737	7.8	10.4	39.7
Kingsport-Bristol	747,260	8.0	1.0	2.6	-10,686	-0.1	U	-1.0
Lynchburg	614,363	8.4	1.1	2.1	-15,435	-0.2	U	-1.4
Richmond	3,935,360	5.9	0.8	13.6	61,197	0.1	0.1	5.6
Roanoke	903,983	7.5	1.0	3.1	-3,467	0.0	U	-0.3
Staunton-Stuarts Draft	335,124	8.6	1.1	1.2	132,265	3.4	4.5	12.2
Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk	5,826,918	8.2	1.0	20.2	87,042	0.1	0.2	8.0
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria	28,257,924	6.6	0.8	98.0	84,841	0.0	0.0	7.8
Winchester	456,434	8.2	1.0	1.6	3,735	0.1	0.1	0.3

Virginia	28,845,330	7.0	0.9	100.0	1,087,289	0.3	0.4	100.0
Metropolitan	25,928,538	6.7	0.9	89.9	681,339	0.2	0.2	62.7
Nonmetropolitan	2,916,792	11.9	1.5	10.1	405,950	1.7	2.2	37.3
Albemarle County & Charlottesville City	536,825	5.3	0.7	1.9	-1,873	0.0	U	-0.2
Alleghany County & Covington City	67,384	12.9	1.6	0.2	-781	-0.1	U	-0.1
Augusta County, Staunton & Waynesboro Cities	335,124	8.6	1.1	1.2	132,265	3.4	4.5	12.2
Campbell County & Lynchburg City	343,091	6.5	0.8	1.2	-1,367	0.0	U	-0.1
Carroll County & Galax City	95,660	13.9	1.8	0.3	5,173	0.8	1.0	0.5
Dinwiddie County, Colonial Heights & Petersburg Cities	258,028	11.7	1.5	0.9	-3,894	-0.2	U	-0.4
Fairfax County, Fairfax & Falls Church Cities	4,742,991	4.6	0.6	16.4	9,530	0.0	0.0	0.9
Frederick County & Winchester City	415,851	7.8	1.0	1.4	-4,756	-0.1	U	-0.4
Greensville County & Emporia City	53,221	11.0	1.4	0.2	-480	-0.1	U	0.0
Henry County & Martinsville City	187,374	11.7	1.5	0.6	8,096	0.5	0.7	0.7
James & Williamsburg Cities	269,718	8.7	1.1	0.9	-4,574	-0.1	U	-0.4
Montgomery County & Radford City	296,389	7.3	0.9	1.0	4,722	0.1	0.2	0.4
Pittsylvania County & Danville City	297,709	12.2	1.6	1.0	3,797	0.2	0.2	0.3
Prince George County & Hopewell City	204,920	7.6	1.0	0.7	-1,653	-0.1	U	-0.2
Prince William County, Manassas & Manassas Park Cities	1,994,246	12.1	1.5	6.9	-948	0.0	U	-0.1
Roanoke County & Salem City	349,258	7.6	1.0	1.2	-234	0.0	U	0.0
Rockbridge County, Buena Vista & Lexington Cities	92,282	9.9	1.3	0.3	2,167	0.2	0.3	0.2
Rockingham County & Harrisonburg Cities	360,231	6.5	0.8	1.2	431,737	7.8	10.4	39.7
Southampton County & Franklin City	77,996	15.1	1.9	0.3	14,877	2.9	3.8	1.4
Spotsylvania County & Fredericksburg City	537,637	10.9	1.4	1.9	2,569	0.1	0.1	0.2
Washington County & Bristol City	209,181	10.7	1.4	0.7	6,181	0.3	0.4	0.6
Wise County & Norton City	113,292	12.2	1.5	0.4	-785	-0.1	U	-0.1
York County & Poquoson City	240,326	12.4	1.6	0.8	1,504	0.1	0.1	0.1

United States	1,199,218,000	7.9	1.0		114,272,000	0.8	1.0
Metropolitan U.S.	1,045,637,839	7.5	1.0		48,516,775	0.3	0.5
Nonmetropolitan U.S.	153,580,161	11.7	1.5		65,755,225	5.0	6.7

1 Ratio of the share of employment in a given industry locally to the corresponding industry share nationwide.

U (Undefined) Insufficient Data Available.

Source: Calculations by the Virginia Regional Economic Analysis Project (VA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis

November 2023

REAP_PI_CA1600N_620320_500000_SB

Real* Earnings Growth by County

Growth Rates, 2022

Local Government vs. Farm
Virginia Real* Earnings Growth Distribution by County:

Growth Rates, 2022

	More than 3.0%	3.0% to 2.5%	2.5% to 2.0%	2.0% to 1.5%	1.5% to 1.0%	1.0% to 0.5%	0.5% or Below	Suppressed or Undefined	Total
Local Government	6	5	2	3	0	5	52	9	82
Farm Earnings	24	0	0	0	0	0	58	0	82

Local Government vs. Farm
Real* Earnings Growth by County:
Virginia, 2022

	Local Government				Farm
County	Growth Rate	CC1	2Local - National Growth	3Local - State Growth	Growth Rate	CC1	2Local - National Growth	3Local - State Growth
Accomack	-2.2	-0.2	1.2	-0.6	64.7	2.5	65.6	2.3
Amelia	N	N	N	N	121.8	11.2	122.7	59.4
Amherst	-2.5	-0.4	0.9	-0.8	-17.1	-0.1	-16.2	-79.4
Appomattox	1.7	0.3	5.1	3.4	-38.2	-0.5	-37.3	-100.6
Arlington	-2.5	-0.1	0.9	-0.9	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Bath	-2.6	-0.2	0.8	-0.9	-12.8	-0.1	-11.9	-75.1
Bedford	-1.9	-0.2	1.5	-0.2	-15.9	-0.1	-15.0	-78.3
Bland	N	N	N	N	-68.2	-0.4	-67.3	-130.6
Botetourt	-2.2	-0.2	1.2	-0.5	12.5	0.0	13.4	-49.9
Brunswick	0.6	0.1	4.0	2.2	-376.5	-1.6	-375.6	-438.8
Buchanan	5.8	0.6	9.2	7.5	-34.6	0.0	-33.7	-97.0
Buckingham	N	N	N	N	139.4	3.4	140.3	77.0
Caroline	2.8	0.4	6.2	4.4	-45.3	-0.9	-44.4	-107.7
Charles City	2.5	0.3	5.9	4.2	-41.5	-2.2	-40.6	-103.9
Charlotte	N	N	N	N	-1,057.1	-0.4	-1,056.2	-1,119.5
Chesterfield	1.5	0.1	4.9	3.2	228.5	0.0	229.3	166.1
Clarke	-1.7	-0.2	1.7	0.0	126.4	0.5	127.3	64.0
Craig	-4.4	-0.9	-1.0	-2.8	-19.7	-0.5	-18.8	-82.1
Culpeper	1.5	0.2	4.9	3.2	-55.4	-0.2	-54.5	-117.8
Cumberland	-2.3	-0.5	1.1	-0.6	110.8	9.2	111.7	48.5
Dickenson	0.4	0.1	3.8	2.0	-21.9	0.0	-21.0	-84.3
Essex	-1.9	-0.2	1.5	-0.2	-172.5	-2.7	-171.6	-234.9
Fauquier	0.1	0.0	3.5	1.8	920.8	0.4	921.7	858.4
Floyd	N	N	N	N	-83.8	-0.7	-82.9	-146.2
Fluvanna	N	N	N	N	-78.5	-0.3	-77.6	-140.9
Franklin	-3.7	-0.4	-0.3	-2.1	-63.0	-0.2	-62.1	-125.4
Giles	0.3	0.0	3.7	1.9	13.6	0.0	14.5	-48.8
Gloucester	-0.7	-0.1	2.7	1.0	-60.8	-0.2	-59.9	-123.2
Goochland	-1.3	0.0	2.1	0.4	-30.0	0.0	-29.1	-92.4
Grayson	0.3	0.1	3.7	2.0	22.1	1.7	23.0	-40.3
Greene	2.8	0.5	6.2	4.5	281.9	0.4	282.8	219.5
Halifax	3.8	0.4	7.2	5.4	-81.4	-0.2	-80.5	-143.8
Hanover	-2.6	-0.2	0.8	-0.9	-10.5	0.0	-9.6	-72.8
Henrico	0.0	0.0	3.4	1.6	-65.5	0.0	-64.6	-127.9
Highland	N	N	N	N	118.8	16.3	119.7	56.4
Isle of Wight	2.2	0.2	5.6	3.8	-42.8	-0.7	-41.9	-105.2
King and Queen	7.8	1.3	11.2	9.5	-66.0	-4.4	-65.1	-128.3
King George	N	N	N	N	-139.0	0.0	-138.1	-201.4
King William	2.9	0.4	6.3	4.6	-98.8	-1.2	-97.9	-161.2
Lancaster	-4.4	-0.4	-1.0	-2.8	-64.0	-0.3	-63.1	-126.4
Lee	-2.4	-0.5	1.0	-0.8	-10.4	-0.3	-9.5	-72.8
Loudoun	-1.7	-0.2	1.7	0.0	67.0	0.0	67.8	4.6
Louisa	3.4	0.4	6.8	5.1	-111.5	-0.1	-110.6	-173.9
Lunenburg	10.5	1.2	13.9	12.1	-253.2	-1.6	-252.3	-315.5
Madison	-3.7	-0.5	-0.3	-2.1	-595.5	-1.1	-594.6	-657.9
Mathews	-0.8	-0.1	2.6	0.8	-44.5	-0.6	-43.6	-106.9
Mecklenburg	-2.3	-0.3	1.1	-0.6	-497.8	-1.8	-496.9	-560.2
Middlesex	-5.7	-1.3	-2.3	-4.0	23.6	0.1	24.5	-38.8
Nelson	0.2	0.0	3.6	1.9	4.6	0.0	5.5	-57.7
New Kent	-1.5	-0.2	1.9	0.1	-140.2	-0.4	-139.3	-202.5
Northampton	-2.5	-0.4	0.9	-0.9	-24.1	-4.7	-23.2	-86.5
Northumberland	-5.4	-0.7	-2.0	-3.7	-47.8	-1.6	-46.9	-110.2
Nottoway	0.2	0.0	3.6	1.8	134.0	4.1	134.9	71.6
Orange	-2.3	-0.4	1.1	-0.6	-20.5	-0.8	-19.6	-82.9
Page	-0.2	0.0	3.2	1.4	143.8	12.8	144.7	81.4
Patrick	N	N	N	N	-54.3	-0.8	-53.4	-116.7
Powhatan	-2.7	-0.3	0.7	-1.0	291.1	0.4	292.0	228.7
Prince Edward	-1.2	-0.1	2.2	0.4	135.2	1.0	136.1	72.8
Pulaski	-2.6	-0.3	0.8	-0.9	-98.4	-0.2	-97.5	-160.8
Rappahannock	-2.5	-0.3	0.9	-0.9	-10.3	-0.2	-9.5	-72.7
Richmond	-1.1	-0.2	2.3	0.6	-47.9	-1.9	-47.0	-110.2
Russell	-2.7	-0.4	0.7	-1.0	-179.9	-0.3	-179.0	-242.3
Scott	-1.9	-0.4	1.5	-0.2	12.5	0.2	13.4	-49.9
Shenandoah	-0.7	-0.1	2.7	0.9	172.1	4.3	173.0	109.7
Smyth	2.4	0.3	5.8	4.1	86.0	0.3	86.9	23.6
Stafford	2.5	0.3	5.9	4.2	-16.3	0.0	-15.4	-78.7
Surry	-0.8	-0.1	2.6	0.9	-58.8	-1.1	-57.9	-121.2
Sussex	0.8	0.1	4.2	2.5	-55.3	-1.8	-54.4	-117.7
Tazewell	-1.1	-0.1	2.4	0.6	307.3	0.4	308.2	244.9
Warren	-1.6	-0.2	1.8	0.1	-23.0	0.0	-22.1	-85.4
Westmoreland	0.9	0.2	4.3	2.6	-26.2	-2.8	-25.3	-88.6
Wythe	0.7	0.1	4.1	2.3	240.9	1.0	241.8	178.6
Alexandria City	-2.1	-0.1	1.3	-0.4	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Chesapeake City	0.8	0.1	4.2	2.5	-30.0	0.0	-29.1	-92.3
Hampton City	-9.9	-0.9	-6.5	-8.3	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Newport News City	-0.3	0.0	3.1	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Norfolk City	-4.8	-0.3	-1.4	-3.2	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Portsmouth City	-2.6	-0.2	0.8	-0.9	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Richmond City	-2.4	-0.1	1.0	-0.7	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Roanoke City	-3.0	-0.2	0.4	-1.4	0.0	0.0	0.9	-62.4
Suffolk City	3.7	0.4	7.1	5.4	-13.2	-0.1	-12.3	-75.6
Virginia Beach City	-0.9	-0.1	2.5	0.7	-32.2	0.0	-31.3	-94.6

Virginia	-1.7	-0.1	1.7	0.0	62.4	0.1	63.3	0.0
Metropolitan	-1.8	-0.1	1.6	-0.1	82.7	0.1	83.6	20.3
Nonmetropolitan	-0.4	0.0	3.0	1.3	36.9	0.4	37.8	-25.5
Albemarle County & Charlottesville City	0.7	0.0	4.1	2.4	68.7	0.0	69.6	6.3
Alleghany County & Covington City	1.4	0.2	4.8	3.1	-376.4	-0.1	-375.5	-438.8
Augusta County, Staunton & Waynesboro Cities	-0.6	-0.1	2.8	1.1	131.4	2.0	132.3	69.1
Campbell County & Lynchburg City	1.3	0.1	4.7	2.9	-190.5	-0.1	-189.6	-252.9
Carroll County & Galax City	-0.9	-0.1	2.5	0.7	170.4	0.5	171.3	108.0
Dinwiddie County, Colonial Heights & Petersburg Cities	-1.6	-0.2	1.8	0.1	-1,276.1	-0.2	-1,275.2	-1,338.5
Fairfax County, Fairfax & Falls Church Cities	-4.3	-0.2	-0.9	-2.7	229.6	0.0	230.5	167.2
Frederick County & Winchester City	0.2	0.0	3.6	1.8	-23.6	0.0	-22.7	-86.0
Greensville County & Emporia City	1.0	0.1	4.4	2.6	-108.7	-1.2	-107.8	-171.0
Henry County & Martinsville City	0.0	0.0	3.4	1.7	-18.1	-0.1	-17.2	-80.5
James & Williamsburg Cities	N	N	N	N	-29.2	0.0	-28.3	-91.6
Montgomery County & Radford City	-2.9	-0.2	0.5	-1.2	41.2	0.0	42.1	-21.2
Pittsylvania County & Danville City	-5.3	-0.7	-1.9	-3.7	-34.7	-0.1	-33.8	-97.1
Prince George County & Hopewell City	-3.0	-0.2	0.4	-1.3	-219.7	-0.1	-218.8	-282.1
Prince William County, Manassas & Manassas Park Cities	N	N	N	N	-9.8	0.0	-8.9	-72.2
Roanoke County & Salem City	-0.4	0.0	3.0	1.2	53.8	0.0	54.7	-8.6
Rockbridge County, Buena Vista & Lexington Cities	0.8	0.1	4.2	2.5	780.8	0.3	781.7	718.4
Rockingham County & Harrisonburg Cities	N	N	N	N	129.2	4.6	130.0	66.8
Southampton County & Franklin City	-0.2	0.0	3.2	1.4	-40.6	-2.0	-39.8	-103.0
Spotsylvania County & Fredericksburg City	0.4	0.0	3.8	2.1	65.5	0.0	66.4	3.1
Washington County & Bristol City	-2.2	-0.2	1.2	-0.5	839.5	0.3	840.4	777.1
Wise County & Norton City	-1.4	-0.2	2.0	0.3	-28.0	0.0	-27.1	-90.4
York County & Poquoson City	N	N	N	N	16.9	0.0	17.7	-45.5

United States	-3.4	-0.3	0.0		-0.9	0.0	0.0
Metropolitan U.S.	-3.4	-0.3	0.0		-3.1	0.0	-2.2
Nonmetropolitan U.S.	-3.1	-0.4	0.3		0.8	0.0	1.7

1 CC (Component Contribution) - Contibution to the to total growth of all local earnings.

2 Difference between the national growth rate and the local growth rate.

3 Difference between the Virginia growth rate and the local growth rate.

N Data not available for this year or not meaningful.

*Real earnings determined using the Implicit Price Deflator for
Personal Consumption (2017=1.00).

Note: Percent growth figures may not add due to rounding by a factor of ± 0.1%

Source: Calculations by the Virginia Regional Economic Analysis Project (VA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis

November 2023

REAP_PI_CA1600N_620320_500000_GA

Local Government vs. Farm
Real* Earnings Growth by Region:
Virginia, 2022

	Local Government				Farm
Metropolitan Statistical Areas	Growth Rate	CC1	2Local - National Growth	3Local - State Growth	Growth Rate	CC1	2Local - National Growth	3Local - State Growth
Blacksburg-Christiansburg-Radford	-2.5	-0.2	0.9	-0.9	-11.7	0.0	-10.8	-74.1
Charlottesville	10.6	0.6	14.0	12.3	89.5	0.0	90.4	27.1
Harrisonburg	N	N	N	N	129.2	4.6	130.0	66.8
Kingsport-Bristol	-3.9	-0.3	-0.5	-2.2	27.7	0.0	28.6	-34.7
Lynchburg	0.0	0.0	3.4	1.6	-53.9	-0.1	-53.0	-116.2
Richmond	N	N	N	N	-1.7	0.0	-0.8	-64.1
Roanoke	-2.1	-0.2	1.3	-0.4	-152.6	0.0	-151.8	-215.0
Staunton-Stuarts Draft	-0.6	-0.1	2.8	1.1	131.4	2.0	132.3	69.1
Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk	-1.8	-0.1	1.6	-0.1	-25.4	0.0	-24.5	-87.8
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria	N	N	N	N	-4.4	0.0	-3.5	-66.8
Winchester	1.1	0.1	4.5	2.8	165.6	0.2	166.5	103.2

Virginia	-1.7	-0.1	1.7	0.0	62.4	0.1	63.3	0.0
Metropolitan	-1.8	-0.1	1.6	-0.1	82.7	0.1	83.6	20.3
Nonmetropolitan	-0.4	0.0	3.0	1.3	36.9	0.4	37.8	-25.5
Albemarle County & Charlottesville City	0.7	0.0	4.1	2.4	68.7	0.0	69.6	6.3
Alleghany County & Covington City	1.4	0.2	4.8	3.1	-376.4	-0.1	-375.5	-438.8
Augusta County, Staunton & Waynesboro Cities	-0.6	-0.1	2.8	1.1	131.4	2.0	132.3	69.1
Campbell County & Lynchburg City	1.3	0.1	4.7	2.9	-190.5	-0.1	-189.6	-252.9
Carroll County & Galax City	-0.9	-0.1	2.5	0.7	170.4	0.5	171.3	108.0
Dinwiddie County, Colonial Heights & Petersburg Cities	-1.6	-0.2	1.8	0.1	-1,276.1	-0.2	-1,275.2	-1,338.5
Fairfax County, Fairfax & Falls Church Cities	-4.3	-0.2	-0.9	-2.7	229.6	0.0	230.5	167.2
Frederick County & Winchester City	0.2	0.0	3.6	1.8	-23.6	0.0	-22.7	-86.0
Greensville County & Emporia City	1.0	0.1	4.4	2.6	-108.7	-1.2	-107.8	-171.0
Henry County & Martinsville City	0.0	0.0	3.4	1.7	-18.1	-0.1	-17.2	-80.5
James & Williamsburg Cities	N	N	N	N	-29.2	0.0	-28.3	-91.6
Montgomery County & Radford City	-2.9	-0.2	0.5	-1.2	41.2	0.0	42.1	-21.2
Pittsylvania County & Danville City	-5.3	-0.7	-1.9	-3.7	-34.7	-0.1	-33.8	-97.1
Prince George County & Hopewell City	-3.0	-0.2	0.4	-1.3	-219.7	-0.1	-218.8	-282.1
Prince William County, Manassas & Manassas Park Cities	N	N	N	N	-9.8	0.0	-8.9	-72.2
Roanoke County & Salem City	-0.4	0.0	3.0	1.2	53.8	0.0	54.7	-8.6
Rockbridge County, Buena Vista & Lexington Cities	0.8	0.1	4.2	2.5	780.8	0.3	781.7	718.4
Rockingham County & Harrisonburg Cities	N	N	N	N	129.2	4.6	130.0	66.8
Southampton County & Franklin City	-0.2	0.0	3.2	1.4	-40.6	-2.0	-39.8	-103.0
Spotsylvania County & Fredericksburg City	0.4	0.0	3.8	2.1	65.5	0.0	66.4	3.1
Washington County & Bristol City	-2.2	-0.2	1.2	-0.5	839.5	0.3	840.4	777.1
Wise County & Norton City	-1.4	-0.2	2.0	0.3	-28.0	0.0	-27.1	-90.4
York County & Poquoson City	N	N	N	N	16.9	0.0	17.7	-45.5

United States	-3.4	-0.3	0.0		-0.9	0.0	0.0
Metropolitan U.S.	-3.4	-0.3	0.0		-3.1	0.0	-2.2
Nonmetropolitan U.S.	-3.1	-0.4	0.3		0.8	0.0	1.7

1 CC (Component Contribution) - Contibution to the to total growth of all local earnings.

2 Difference between the national growth rate and the local growth rate.

3 Difference between the Virginia growth rate and the local growth rate.

N Data not available for this year or not meaningful.

*Real earnings determined using the Implicit Price Deflator for
Personal Consumption (2017=1.00).

Note: Percent growth figures may not add due to rounding by a factor of ± 0.1%

Source: Calculations by the Virginia Regional Economic Analysis Project (VA-REAP)
with data provided by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis

November 2023

REAP_PI_CA1600N_620320_500000_GB

Additional Notes on Interpreting
Earnings for Virginia

Earnings

The earnings by major industry estimates compiled by the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) are by place of work, and are the sum of wage and salary disbursements (payrolls), supplements to wages and salaries, and proprietors' income. The earnings by industry data are expressed in thousands of current dollars ($1,000s). Unlike wage and salary disbursements, it should be noted that proprietors' income may be reported as negative for those years in which the net income of sole proprietors and partnerships are in the red for a particular sector. This is not an especially unusual occurrence in some relatively small economies where farm proprietorships are dominant. However, this may yield some somewhat unconventional results, such as an industry recording a negative share of total earnings.

Other/Suppressed Industries

For some areas, an industry category labeled "Other/Suppressed Industries" may appear in the table. It is not uncommon, especially for smaller areas, to encounter suppressed data for selected industries. Data are suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information regarding individual firms. Even though the concern for confidentiality may relate to only one industry, data for at least two must be suppressed as summing over the reported data and subtracting from the total yields data for the suppressed category. When suppressed data is encountered, it is reported in the "Other/Suppressed Industries" category.

Location Quotient

Location quotients help gauge the extent to which various industries are more or less concentrated locally when compared with the nation at large. If an industry's share of total earnings is the same as the national share, then its location quotient is equal to one. If an industry is concentrated in a region, its local employment share will be larger than the share nationally, and its location quotient will correspondingly be greater than one. Conversely, the location quotient for an industry not concentrated in the region will fall between zero and one.

Component Contribution

The component contribution isolates and records each industry's individual contribution to the total growth of earnings in Virginia over 2022, and 2002-2022, respectively. When summed over all industries the component contribution will match Virginia's TOTAL earnings growth rate.

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